Precision aquaculture in the laboratory: a low-cost IoT system for continuous water quality monitoring in shrimp culture
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46480/esj.11.1.314Keywords:
internet of things, aquaculture, water quality, real-time monitoring, sensor technologyAbstract
Context: The Aquaculture Systems Innovation Laboratory (LISA) at ULEAM monitored the water quality of its shrimp larvae tanks through sporadic manual measurements, which produced blind windows, unreliable records, and delayed responses to critical deviations. The aim of this work was to implement an Internet of Things (IoT) solution for the real-time monitoring of pH, dissolved oxygen, and temperature. Method: The methodology followed the Extreme Programming (XP) agile framework and integrated an acquisition node built on a Raspberry Pi 4 with a Gravity HAT expansion board and specialized sensors; data were transmitted through the MQTT protocol to a central server and displayed on a web platform and a Kotlin mobile application with configurable alerts. Results: Field tests demonstrated high measurement fidelity, with error margins below 1 % for temperature and pH and close to 2.3 % for dissolved oxygen, an uptime of 99.4 %, and a transmission reliability of 99.58 %. The mobile application updated readings in under two seconds and reduced manual logging time by 40 %. Conclusions: It is concluded that the solution is a reliable and scalable precision-aquaculture tool, replicable in other culture systems in the region.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Stefany Alonzo-Merizaldes, Willian Zamora-Mero, Mike Machuca, Luis Mendoza-Cuzme, Oscar Gonzalez (Author)
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